ACE

  3.0 Analysis and Findings  3.1 Patent Counts by Year & Technology Year Battery Charging Electric Motors Autonomous Driving 2006 1 1 0 2009 1 0 0 2011 1 1 0 2012 1 0 0 2013 1 1 0 2014 2 2 0 2015 0 1 0 2017 1 0 2 2018 2 0 4 2019 0 0 1 2021 2 2 4 2022 2 2 5 2023 1 2 4 2024 0 0 2 Key Observations: ·  Battery Charging:  Early focus (2006–2014), then sporadic filings. ·  Electric Motors:  Steady but low-volume filings. ·  Autonomous Driving:  Rapid growth post-2017, peaking in 2022–2023.   3.2 Correlation Analysis We calculate  Pearson’s correlation coefficients  between patent categories. Correlation Matrix (Excel Output)   Battery Charging Electric Motors Autonomous Driving Battery Charging 1.000 0.621 0.478 Electric Motors 0.621 1.000 0.752 Autonomous Driving 0.478 0.752 1.000 Interpretation: ·  Moderate correlation (0.621)  between  Battery & Motors  – suggests some synergy. ·  Stronger correlat...

  1.0 Introduction 1.1 Justification of Selecting the EV Industry and Tesla Electricization of cars is a big trend that has been accelerated quickly to change the automotive industry and have the main significance in the fields of energy, technology and transportation. Electric vehicles (ticks) may play a central role in activating sustainable transportation, reducing pollution and achieving the goals of  climate change (Lipu et al., 2022). This represents a new technology border that startups are developing and car manufacturers are competing to lead (Nanaki and Koroneos, 2016). Thus, the analysis of technological strategies of companies related to the development of electric vehicles provides timely and strategic information. Tesla was chosen to be the focal company for analysis because this is a pioneer, a market leader and only a pure car manufacturer, making it an exemplary case study. Crucially, Tesla’s use of patents and IP protection as part of its technology strategy ...